The improper behavior of Peter in Antioch (Gal. 2, 14)

Abstract

In Ga 2, 14, Paul openly reprimands Peter for his inconsequential behavior. He stands in the midst of the practical problems concerning religious life, while, at the same time, trying to prevent a division in the converted. Christian life is presented as the meeting of theory and practice. Peter’s behavior, despite his intention, was against “Gospel truth”. This behavior inhibited Christian unity. From this point on, Christians would not be able to celebrate the Eucharist, which was connected with the communal meal. In this case, there would be “one Lord, but two tables of the Lord” (S. C. Niell). The rhetorical question addressed to Peter shows two possible ways of life: Jewish and Gentile. In his argumentation, Paul attempts to show that members of different origin may live in one community in the “Gospel truth” that is “according to the logical relationship and coherence, which the Gospel demands” (U. Vanni). Paul defends asymmetry (“non réciprocité”) that is for the Jews not to live as the Gentiles, and for the Gentiles not to live as the Jews. For Paul, the improper behavior of Peter is seen as a regression, which would mean the approval of the idea, that justification can be received through the works of the Law (Ga 2, 16). “The Antioch conflict” is not a dispute between two personalities or authorities. It regards the basis of the Christian community – to show the truth of the Gospel (the salvation in Christ).